Let's revive our ancient rules and customs. Could be punishments too but it's just something plus.

You wana revive the Yasa man.

the population of mongolia isn't that big lot's of head were cut of.

for instance the main punishment was death(what coyld be even worse well what about getting melted silver or tin pored in you eyes or ears)

I know some violation of the ancient law

1. Pieng in fresh flowing water = Death
2. In the army not picking something up when a soldier drops something in front of you= death

etc...


I knew more but forgot

Followings are what I found on net;

Mongol Customs: Here are some of the rules of the ancient Mongol world:

You may not beat horses, dogs, or animals. It would be the same as beating a close friend.

You may not throw any waste into water including rivers and lakes.

You must feed all guests, or at least offer food.

You must build two bonfires with an open path between them and direct traders to walk along the path between the fires to be purified before trade can occur.

Greet all people with a well wish.

Deep respect can be shown by putting your hand on your heart and bowing.

The highest form of greeting is to give a gift of a blue scarf.

It is forbidden to be unfair. Here are two old Mongol sayings or proverbs:
"Better the bone be broken than ones reputation."
"Better to die with a good reputation than be alive with a bad one."

The Mongols had an enormous number of taboos, restrictions, and unwritten laws. Each generation taught these rules to their children, who taught them to their children.

It was not until the Mongol leader, Chinggis Khaan, came to power that these many rules were collected and written down. Chinggis Khaan wanted to preserve good behavior and good management of self and family. He wanted to list the customs and traditions of all Mongolian tribes and nationalities in one place, to help pull them together as one people. Chinggis Khaan believed if every person grew up in a decent way - educated, just, fair, smart, energetic, honest, ethical - they would be successful in managing themselves, their home, their family, and whatever he needed them to do.

"Better the bone be broken than ones reputation."

heeyyy we still have this saying in Turkish

seni kircagima kafami kirayim.

dude it means i rather breake my head then having to "break"(making you unhappy or discouraging) you

Having a relationship with another man's wife was forbidden. But you could kill the man and claim the woman as your wife.

That's not very fair. It's a bit like in UK if u find an abandon house you could claim it's yours. Still legal, I think.



So in Turk do you have a lot of respect towards elders and care about loyalty, being fair etc.

basicly yes

Lol. I wish I lived there at that time with laws like that. I'd be bold/crazy enough to do it. lol

someone will come for a revenge for his father or brother.. or friend... not a good idea!!

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The world's first national parks were established in mountain areas. BOGD KHAN MOUNTAIN: This mountain is the world's oldest official protected area. The tradition of protecting nature, flora, and fauna has a long history in Mongolia. source: http://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/936/

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The Mongolian Legal System

The development of Mongolian Law has been a volatile process, distinctively tied to the dissolution of a massive empire and its replacement by an independent, modern nation-state. The development of Law in Mongolia can be divided into three main historical stages.

First stage - This is the period of the formation of the legal system of the nation of Mongolians. The Great Mongol State was formed and conquered vast territories under the so-called Great Zasag Law (also known as “Yassa”) of Chinggis Khaan, the first integrated written code. The Law of the Yuan Empire became effective in the eastern part of the Mongolian Empire.

Second stage - This is the period of the second integration of such laws as the Mongolian-Oirat laws, Khalkh Juram law paper, the Ministry of Statehood Affairs legal document related to Outer Mongolia adopted by the Order, and the Mongolian legal document adopted by the Order.

Third stage - This is the Period of the formation and development of the modern system. The most important feature was the attempt by Mongolians to establish a national and socialist legal system with the aim of making the transition to industrial capitalism. Despite this, the fundamental character of the continental legal system remained intact.



Law of the Period of the Great Mongol State

Mongolians, however, know that their legal tradition embodies more than merely the writing of Chinggis Khaan. The Great Zasag Law, written sometime between 1206 and 1218, was for the most part a codification of the general principles of law already held by the tribes under his command. Except for the military and administrative innovations of Chinggis, it does not represent a sudden invention of the rule of law. Written and unwritten, laws had likely always played a significant role in the lives of Central Asia’s nomadic peoples, even reportedly as far back as the Third Century BC. Mongolia may not have existed as a single nation prior to its unification under Chinggis Khaan, but it did exist in the form of nomadic tribes, each of which had some form of unwritten traditional law. Chinggis Khaan had the foresight to have some of them recorded for posterity.

The influence of the Great Zasag Law in the development of the Mongolian and world legal system can be summarized below.

In 1264, Hubilai Khaan and his successors promulgated a total of 2539 laws and ordinances, which appeared in 1320 as the “Complete Collection of Laws of the Great Yuan Empire”. It is significant to legal history that in this collection, the function and application of law regulating and ordering social life was worked out and that account was taken of the prevailing legal culture in society as well as of theoretical legal concepts.[iii]

In the preface to the “Complete Collection of Laws of the Great Yuan Empire” it is stated: “Ever since ancient times, the great rulers of the world have not been able to rule by punishment alone. Wisdom is also necessary… If men are not wise, then laws are necessary. If men break the laws, then that must result in the severest punishment and death. Previous rulers have accordingly prescribed punishment not to demonstrate their power but to promote the good of the State.”[iv]

The “Complete Collection” unmistakably contains Mongolian and not Chinese laws.

A special feature of the legal system of the Yuan Empire consisted of the fact that, unlike the Great Zasag Law of Chinggis Khaan, its territorial extent was limited. The Great Zasag Law was effective in all parts of Chinggis Khaan’s world empire, whereas the “Complete Collection” was applied only in the eastern part of the Mongolian world empire, i.e. at that Mongolia, China, Korea.



Mongolian Law of the Sixteenth to Nineteenth Centuries

The collection of laws from this period has survived in the “Mongolian-Oirat Laws” of 1640 and the Khalkh Juram Law of 1709. These laws legally strengthened and guaranteed social relations in Mongolian society.

The Mongol-Oirat Law:

The main objectives of the Mongolian-Oirat laws were to halt the dissolution of the Empire by strengthening internal solidarity and order and to protect the nation from foreign invasion. As a result, many norms served the purpose of improving the defense capacity of the country by discouraging internal fighting, encouraging people to warn one another in cases of invasion, conscripting fighters to come to the defence of the empire when summoned, preparing at least one armed soldier for every ten households, and marshalling forces together at the lord’s place when a warning signal has been sounded. Those found to have broken these provisions were severely punished.

One of the most distinctive characters of this law was how it codified the class structure of Mongolian society at the time. Including the introduction, the Mongolian-Oirat Laws contained 186 articles, with almost half of them related to criminal law.

The Khalkh Juram Law:

The Khalkh Juram Law was the unified code that kept the legal tradition that followed the earlier ages and regulated increasingly complex social relationships. As a result, it has come under great scrutiny by scholars and researchers. It was intended to regulate the social life of outer and is significant for the study of legal tradition and the culture of Mongolians in the middle ages. This law was in effect until the beginning of the twentieth century.

While Khalkh Juram Law was intended to regulate Mongolians as a whole, the Mongolian-Oirat Laws regulated interrelationships between the tribes. The Khalkh Juram Law is in substance and structure a typical medieval legal compilation. It gathers together many laws from different fields and was promulgated as a Collection of laws at different places and at different times. Thus, norms of the state, as well as administrative, civil, family, and criminal laws, were stipulated in the Khalkh Juram law.

After the disintegration of the Empire in the eighteenth century, the Manchu dynasty ruled over China and Mongolia, the first case of rule by a foreign state and rule that would last for two hundred years. The “Collection of Mongolian Laws” was adopted in 1789 is the legal document reflecting years of policy implemented toward Outer Mongolia by the Manchurian state. In 1815, the Ministry for Outer Mongolia issued a new collection of laws made up of sixty-three volumes which reflected the legal tradition of the former Mongolian empire. Under the influence of the Manchu’s legal policy and culture specific features of legal thought included understanding, preserving and restoring strengthening the historical basis for the national legacy and restoring some kind of national consciousness. Second, their legal culture was developed by a permanent civilization, method and technology to process and classify traditional laws. Third, cruel long term punishments were established.

The National Freedom Movement of 1911 held in Mongolia led to some freedom in reforming the legal system.

source: http://www.nyulawglobal.org/globalex/Mongolia.htm

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# 1990: Punsalmaagiin Ochirbat is elected as the first President of Mongolia.
# 1990: First multiparty parliamentary elections.
# 1960: Third Mongolian Constitution adopted.
# 1940: Second Mongolian Constitution adopted.
# 1924: First Mongolian Constitution adopted.
# 1921: Mongolian People’s Revolutionary Party is formed and rules the country for about 70 years.
# 1921: Mongolia declares its independence from China.
# 1919: China invades Mongolia.
# 1914: Mongolia is divided on Inner and Outer Mongolia: Inner Mongolia stays independent, Outer Mongolia ruled by China.
# 1911: Mongolia declares independence from Manchu. Grand Lama Bogd Javzandamba becomes a monarch.
# 1688: Khalkha (Mongolia) is subjected to Manchu domination.
# 1640: Ikh Tsaaz (Grand Code) the ancient Mongolian constitution is written.
# 1206: Chingis Khaan becomes the Khaan of All Mongols. The Great Mongol Empire is established.
# 1000-1200: Kitan State conqueres Mongolia.
# 580: Turkish State rules.
# 5th century: Jujan State dominates.
# 4th centuries: Cian-bi State conquered.
# 3rd century BC-2nd century: First Mongolian dynasty Hunnu State is formed consisting of 24 Hunnu aimags (tribes).

source: http://www.servat.unibe.ch/law/icl/mg__indx.html

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Starting from the end of the 19th century, when its rule weakened, the Ching ruler, in order to resist foreign incursions and evade internal crisis, in 1901 began to introduce some reforms in Mongolia as part of their overall New Administration policy. This policy led to the violation of many restrictions regarding which understandings had been reached with the Manchu state, including the provisions of the Law on Outlying region, which had been adopted in 1691 at the Dolonnor conference and had since been observed for 200 years until 1891. According to that law it was prohibited to allow immigrants to settle in Mongolia, to work at gold mines, to farm or utilize water resources. For example, the arrival of Chinese settlers led to land ploughing and farming, influencing the religion and customs which had evoked the resentment of the Mongolians and had naturally met with widespread protest.

source: http://mongoluls.net/historicalpathofmongo...statehood.shtml
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and there are more....